鼓剎的剎車(chē)力確實(shí)比盤(pán)剎大，不過(guò)我們也不一定難發(fā)覺(jué)身邊的車(chē)輛盤(pán)剎的使用越來(lái)比較多，這主要是由各自的特點(diǎn)及汽車(chē)行業(yè)趨勢(shì)所決定的。
The braking force of drum brake is indeed greater than that of disc brake, but it is not necessarily difficult for us to find that disc brakes are used more and more by vehicles around us, which is mainly determined by their own characteristics and the trend of the automobile industry.
盤(pán)剎盤(pán)剎做為當(dāng)前乘用車(chē)使用更廣泛的剎車(chē)形式，其主要由真空助力器、剎汽車(chē)車(chē)主缸、電控模塊、剎車(chē)分泵、剎車(chē)硬管軟管、剎車(chē)卡鉗和剎車(chē)盤(pán)共同組成。工作流程是剎車(chē)踏板力經(jīng)過(guò)助力器放大，推動(dòng)剎汽車(chē)車(chē)主缸活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)推動(dòng)剎車(chē)液經(jīng)過(guò)電控模塊常開(kāi)閥和剎車(chē)管達(dá)到剎車(chē)分泵，作用于剎車(chē)分泵活塞推動(dòng)剎車(chē)片和剎車(chē)盤(pán)摩擦來(lái)制動(dòng)車(chē)輛。按照車(chē)輛的主要參數(shù)、性能指標(biāo)和成本權(quán)衡確定全部的零部件系統(tǒng)的主要參數(shù)指標(biāo)，大多數(shù)剎車(chē)管路的壓力可以到了120bar到180bar之間。
As the most widely used brake form of passenger cars, disc brake is mainly composed of vacuum booster, brake cylinder, electronic control module, brake cylinder, brake hard pipe hose, brake caliper and brake disc. The working process is that the brake pedal force is amplified by the booster to push the brake cylinder piston of the car owner to move, and the brake fluid reaches the brake cylinder through the normally open valve of the electronic control module and the brake pipe, which acts on the brake cylinder piston to push the friction between the brake pad and the brake disc to brake the vehicle. The main parameters and indexes of all parts and systems are determined according to the main parameters, performance indexes and cost trade-offs of the vehicle. The pressure of most brake pipelines can be between 120bar and 180bar.
制動(dòng)力剎車(chē)管路的壓力可以到了120bar到180bar，這相當(dāng)于是120和180標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓的數(shù)值，壓力通過(guò)剎車(chē)分泵作用于剎車(chē)片和剎車(chē)盤(pán)，造成15000N上下的正壓力，在考慮盤(pán)片系統(tǒng)之間大概0.35的摩擦系數(shù)以及盤(pán)片接觸到輪轂軸承的半徑即可算出制動(dòng)扭矩的數(shù)值，大多數(shù)單個(gè)剎車(chē)系統(tǒng)的扭矩基本都高于一千N. m。
Braking force the pressure of the brake pipeline can reach 120bar to 180bar, which is equivalent to the value of 120 and 180 standard atmospheric pressure. The pressure acts on the brake pad and brake disc through the brake wheel cylinder, resulting in a positive pressure up and down of 15000n. The braking torque can be calculated by considering the friction coefficient between the disc systems of about 0.35 and the radius from the disc contact center to the hub bearing, The maximum torque of most single braking systems is basically higher than 1000 n. M.
鼓剎鼓剎同樣是剎車(chē)液進(jìn)到剎車(chē)分泵，然后才頂開(kāi)剎車(chē)蹄片和剎車(chē)鼓接觸，借助于相互之間的摩擦力實(shí)行制動(dòng)。在相似管路壓力的前提下，剎車(chē)蹄片和剎車(chē)鼓的摩擦系數(shù)和盤(pán)片系統(tǒng)相似或相似，不過(guò)鼓剎的剎車(chē)蹄片與剎車(chē)鼓的接觸面積更大，且相似尺寸的鼓剎比盤(pán)剎的有效果作用半徑更大，因而剎車(chē)力矩和效率基本都高于盤(pán)剎。
Drum brake drum brake also means that the brake fluid enters the brake wheel cylinder, and then the brake shoe is pushed open to contact the brake drum, so as to brake with the help of mutual friction. Under the premise of similar pipeline pressure, the friction coefficient of brake shoe and brake drum is similar or similar to that of disc system, but the contact area between brake shoe and brake drum of drum brake is larger, and the effective action radius of drum brake with similar size is larger than that of disc brake, so the braking torque and efficiency are basically higher than that of disc brake.
盤(pán)剎鼓剎對(duì)比
Comparison of disc brake and drum brake
盤(pán)剎的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)是散熱性好，抗熱衰退性能強(qiáng)，缺點(diǎn)是絕對(duì)剎車(chē)力小，制造工藝復(fù)雜且成本較高，出于防止污染物雜質(zhì)進(jìn)到盤(pán)片系統(tǒng)還需要額外添加防濺板。鼓剎是絕對(duì)剎車(chē)力大，成本低廉及用于駐車(chē)剎車(chē)時(shí)穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)越，缺點(diǎn)是密封結(jié)構(gòu)引起散熱性和抗熱衰退性能較差，理所當(dāng)然大多數(shù)用于緊湊型汽車(chē)的后輪剎車(chē)。
The main advantages of disc brake are good heat dissipation and strong heat recession resistance. The disadvantages are small absolute braking force, complex manufacturing process and high cost. In order to prevent pollutants and impurities from entering the disc system, additional splash plates need to be added. Drum brake has large absolute braking force, low cost and excellent stability when used for parking brake. The disadvantage is that the sealing structure causes poor heat dissipation and heat recession resistance. Of course, most of them are used for rear wheel braking of compact vehicles.
為什么盤(pán)剎會(huì)成為流行
盤(pán)剎逐漸取代鼓剎主要是時(shí)代技術(shù)進(jìn)步的結(jié)果，隨著基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和汽車(chē)速度的穩(wěn)步提高，剎車(chē)流程中的熱量越來(lái)比較多，要知道汽車(chē)的動(dòng)能與其速度的平方成正比，而這些動(dòng)能差不多基本都轉(zhuǎn)換成了剎車(chē)流程中的熱量，這些熱量會(huì)很快的傳遞給剎車(chē)系統(tǒng)。盤(pán)剎可以借助于空心盤(pán)等結(jié)構(gòu)措施來(lái)實(shí)行很快的散熱，而鼓剎因?yàn)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)限制就無(wú)法很快的散熱而引起溫度升高性能衰退。
Why disc brake becomes popular < br / > disc brake gradually replaces drum brake is mainly the result of technological progress of the times. With the steady improvement of infrastructure and vehicle speed, there is more and more heat in the braking process. You should know that the kinetic energy of the vehicle is directly proportional to the square of its speed, and these kinetic energy are almost converted into heat in the braking process, This heat is quickly transferred to the braking system. The disc brake can quickly dissipate heat with the help of structural measures such as hollow disc, while the drum brake cannot dissipate heat quickly due to structural constraints, resulting in temperature rise and performance degradation.
其次是隨著汽車(chē)電子調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)和MOC卡鉗的發(fā)展，后輪使用MOC卡鉗一方面可以節(jié)省成本（可以供給電子駐車(chē)制動(dòng)功能），與此同時(shí)也可以更好的實(shí)行車(chē)輛協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)節(jié)，添加了非常多額外的功能。
Secondly, with the development of automotive electronic adjustment technology and MOC calipers, the use of MOC calipers on the rear wheels can not only save costs (provide electronic parking brake function), but also better implement vehicle coordinated adjustment and add a lot of additional functions.
鼓剎是有其優(yōu)點(diǎn)的，在汽車(chē)發(fā)展歷程中也曾占有一席之地。隨著行業(yè)的深度發(fā)展，其固有的缺陷被時(shí)代放大而不可接受，電控時(shí)代需要盤(pán)剎做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。
Drum brake has its advantages and once occupied a place in the process of automobile development. With the in-depth development of the industry, its inherent defects are magnified and unacceptable by the times. The era of electronic control needs disc brake to make greater contributions.
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