汽車保養(yǎng)常識具體如下：

　　General knowledge of vehicle maintenance is as follows:

　　1.使用適當(dāng)質(zhì)量等級的潤滑油。

　　1. Use lubricating oil of appropriate quality grade.

　　對汽油發(fā)動機(jī)應(yīng)根據(jù)進(jìn)排氣系統(tǒng)的附加裝置和使用條件選用SD-SF級汽油機(jī)油;柴油發(fā)動機(jī)則要根據(jù)機(jī)械負(fù)荷選用CB-CD級柴油機(jī)油，選用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以不低于生產(chǎn)廠家規(guī)定要求為準(zhǔn)。

　　For gasoline engine, sd-sf gasoline engine oil shall be selected according to the additional devices and service conditions of intake and exhaust system; For diesel engine, cb-cd diesel engine oil shall be selected according to the mechanical load, and the selection standard shall not be lower than the requirements specified by the manufacturer.

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　　2.定期更換機(jī)油及濾芯。

　　2. Change the engine oil and filter element regularly.

　　任何質(zhì)量等級的潤滑油在使用過程中油質(zhì)都會發(fā)生變化，為了避免故障的發(fā)生，應(yīng)結(jié)合使用條件定期換油，并使油量適中。

　　The oil quality of any quality grade of lubricating oil will change during use. In order to avoid failure, the oil shall be changed regularly in combination with the service conditions, and the oil quantity shall be moderate.

　　3.保持曲軸箱通風(fēng)良好。

　　3. Keep crankcase well ventilated.

　　現(xiàn)在大部分汽油機(jī)都裝有PCV閥，但竄氣中的污染物會沉積在PCV閥的周圍，可能使閥堵塞。因此，須定期清理PCV閥周圍的污染物。

　　Now most gasoline engines are equipped with PCV valve, but the pollutants in the blowby will deposit around the PCV valve, which may block the valve. Therefore, the contamination around the PCV valve must be cleaned regularly.

　　4.定期清洗曲軸箱。

　　4. Clean crankcase regularly.

　　發(fā)動機(jī)在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過程中，燃燒室內(nèi)的高壓未燃燒氣體、酸、水分、硫和氮的氧化物經(jīng)過活塞環(huán)與缸壁之間的間隙進(jìn)入曲軸箱中，與零件磨損產(chǎn)生的金屬粉末混在一起，形成油泥。因此，應(yīng)定期清洗曲軸箱，保持發(fā)動機(jī)內(nèi)部的清潔。

　　During the operation of the engine, the oxides of high-pressure unburned gas, acid, moisture, sulfur and nitrogen in the combustion chamber enter the crankcase through the gap between the piston ring and the cylinder wall and mix with the metal powder produced by the wear of parts to form oil sludge. Therefore, the crankcase should be cleaned regularly to keep the inside of the engine clean.

　　5.定期清洗燃油系統(tǒng)，控制積炭的生成，能夠使發(fā)動機(jī)保持佳狀態(tài)。

　　5. Regularly clean the fuel system and control the generation of carbon deposit, so as to keep the engine in good condition.

　　6.發(fā)動機(jī)水箱生銹、結(jié)垢是常見的問題。

　　6. Rust and scaling of engine water tank are common problems.

　　汽車保養(yǎng)常識之基本常識：

　　Basic knowledge of vehicle maintenance:

　　一、機(jī)油更換常識

　　1、 General knowledge of oil change

　　機(jī)油多久更換一次?每次需要更換多少機(jī)油?關(guān)于機(jī)油的更換周期和用量是大家特別關(guān)注的問題，直接的就是去查看自己的隨車保養(yǎng)手冊，上面一般都有很清楚的介紹。但也有不少人的保養(yǎng)手冊早就不見蹤影了，此時你就要多多了解打聽了。一般說來，機(jī)油的更換周期為5000公里，具體的更換周期和用量要根據(jù)車型相關(guān)信息來判斷。

　　How often is the oil changed? How much oil do I need to change each time? Everyone pays special attention to the replacement cycle and amount of oil. The direct thing is to check their own on-board maintenance manual, which generally has a very clear introduction. However, many people's maintenance manuals have long disappeared. At this time, you need to know more about them. Generally speaking, the replacement cycle of engine oil is 5000 km. The specific replacement cycle and consumption should be judged according to the relevant information of the vehicle model.

　　不是所有的車型都適合車主自己動手換機(jī)油，但我們可以學(xué)會查看機(jī)油標(biāo)尺，以此來判斷機(jī)油是否到了該更換的時候。還有，更換機(jī)油的同時需要更換機(jī)油濾清器。

　　Not all models are suitable for owners to change the oil themselves, but we can learn to check the oil gauge to judge whether the oil is time to change. Also, the oil filter needs to be changed at the same time as the oil is changed.

　　二、防凍液使用常識

　　2、 Common sense of antifreeze

　　防凍液好全年使用，除了防凍冷卻的功能，防凍液還有清潔、除銹、防腐的作用，減少水箱的腐蝕，保護(hù)發(fā)動機(jī)。注意防凍液的顏色要挑選正確，不要混用。

　　Antifreeze is good for use all year round. In addition to its antifreeze cooling function, antifreeze also has the functions of cleaning, derusting and anti-corrosion, reducing the corrosion of water tank and protecting engine. Note that the color of antifreeze should be selected correctly and should not be mixed.

　　三、剎車油使用常識

　　3、 General knowledge of brake oil

　　剎車系統(tǒng)的功能與剎車油有著緊密的聯(lián)系，在檢查更換剎車片、剎車盤等硬件時，不要忘記看看剎車油是否需要添加更換。

　　The function of the brake system is closely related to the brake oil. When checking and replacing the brake pads, brake discs and other hardware, don't forget to see if the brake oil needs to be added and replaced.

　　四、變速箱油

　　4、 Transmission oil

　　為了保證車子轉(zhuǎn)向靈活，要經(jīng)常檢查變速箱油，不論是齒輪油還是自動變速箱油，都要注意油品的型號，通常來說都是就高的。

　　In order to ensure flexible steering of the car, always check the transmission oil, whether it is gear oil or automatic transmission oil, and pay attention to the model of the oil. Generally speaking, it is high.