Today, with the rapid development of the car industry, the requirements of car repair skills are constantly improving. Car engine is the power source of car, its structure is extremely complex, and the causes of hair pathogens are various. In view of the common faults of car engine, this paper summarizes the common faults and repair methods according to the experience of actual repair operation.

發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)常見(jiàn)毛病修理策略

Repair Strategy for Common Engine Faults

（一）控制潤(rùn)滑油耗費(fèi)

(1) Controlling Lubricant Consumption

發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)正常運(yùn)行不可避免地要耗費(fèi)一定量的潤(rùn)滑油，潤(rùn)滑油耗費(fèi)反常往往對(duì)應(yīng)著發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的某種毛病。出現(xiàn)潤(rùn)滑油耗費(fèi)反常，首要應(yīng)該查看油質(zhì)、油量，必要時(shí)更換潤(rùn)滑油，避免因油質(zhì)問(wèn)題造成發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不能正常運(yùn)行。在掃除油質(zhì)問(wèn)題后，應(yīng)該逐個(gè)排查相關(guān)零部件，或許因?yàn)榱悴考?yán)重磨損，配件間隙過(guò)大或許機(jī)油壓力過(guò)高，導(dǎo)致機(jī)油上躥進(jìn)焚燒室。而機(jī)油的滲漏首要是因?yàn)槊芊鈮|變硬老化，氣門卡死。

The normal operation of the engine inevitably consumes a certain amount of lubricating oil. The abnormal consumption of lubricating oil often corresponds to some faults of the engine. In case of abnormal consumption of lubricating oil, the first thing is to check the quality and quantity of oil, and change the lubricating oil when necessary, so as to avoid the abnormal operation of the engine caused by oil quality problems. After cleaning up the oil quality problems, we should check the relevant parts one by one. Perhaps because of the serious wear and tear of the parts, the gap between the parts is too large or the oil pressure is too high, the oil leaps into the incinerator. The leakage of oil is mainly due to the hardening and aging of the sealing gasket, and the valve is stuck.

（二）及時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)過(guò)熱

(2) Timely monitoring of engine overheating

冷卻液溫度反常時(shí)，會(huì)在轎車儀表盤上報(bào)普提示，在發(fā)現(xiàn)冷卻液溫度反常時(shí)，應(yīng)泊車查看，看冷卻液是否走漏。需要注意的是，熱車時(shí)不能立刻停機(jī)，也不能立刻加注冷卻液，而是要等發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度正常后再操作。假如冷卻液不少，應(yīng)排查發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)節(jié)溫器，風(fēng)扇散熱器毛病。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)過(guò)熱問(wèn)題，需要轎車駕駛員把握根本的知識(shí)與修理辦法。要對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行定期保養(yǎng)檢測(cè)。

When the temperature of coolant is abnormal, the general tips will be reported on the dashboard of the car. When the temperature of coolant is abnormal, parking should be checked to see if the coolant leaks. It should be noted that the hot car can not stop immediately, nor can it inject coolant immediately, but to wait until the engine temperature is normal before operation. If there are many coolants, we should check engine thermostat and fan radiator. The problem of engine overheating requires car drivers to grasp the basic knowledge and repair methods. The engine should be regularly maintained and inspected.

（三）消除發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)生的特殊氣味

(3) Elimination of special odors from engines

車輛在使用過(guò)程中，假如發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)艙有刺鼻的氣味或燒焦味，應(yīng)立即泊車，查看發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)周圍是否有線路軟化或被燒焦，對(duì)燒焦或短路的線路及時(shí)修正，避免更大的安全事故。掃除線路毛病之后仍存在難聞氣味，應(yīng)考慮是不是有附著在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)外表的油液、異物受熱蒸發(fā)或許焚燒之類的因素。

During the use of vehicles, if there is a pungent or burning smell in the engine compartment, parking should be immediately checked to see if there are any softening or burning lines around the engine, and the burning or short-circuit lines should be corrected in time to avoid greater safety accidents. After wiping out the line faults, there still exists bad odor. Consideration should be given to whether there are factors such as oil, foreign body heated evaporation or incineration attached to the engine surface.

（四）排氣煙色反常毛病排查

(4) Investigation of abnormal exhaust smoke color

發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)運(yùn)行就會(huì)有燃料焚燒，就會(huì)發(fā)生尾氣排放，根據(jù)尾氣的色彩是能夠分辯動(dòng)身動(dòng)機(jī)部分毛病的。尾氣呈黑色時(shí)，一般是因?yàn)榛旌掀鬟^(guò)濃，燃料不能被完全焚燒，這種狀況要查看與進(jìn)氣相關(guān)的傳感器。尾氣色彩呈白色時(shí)，一般是因?yàn)槿加蜌饣涣?，沒(méi)有焚燒便從排氣管排出火花塞毛病和燃油質(zhì)量不良的或許性較大。若尾氣呈藍(lán)色，則要解決燒機(jī)油問(wèn)題，或許是火花塞或氣門油封出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，應(yīng)及時(shí)排查，必要時(shí)更換新件。

When the engine starts to run, there will be fuel burning and exhaust emission. According to the color of the exhaust, it can distinguish some faults of the starting engine. When the exhaust gas is black, it is usually because the mixer is too thick and the fuel can not be burned completely. This situation requires looking at the sensor associated with the intake. When the exhaust gas color is white, it is usually due to the poor gasification of fuel oil. Without incineration, spark plug defects and poor fuel quality may be discharged from the exhaust pipe. If the exhaust gas is blue, it is necessary to solve the problem of burning engine oil, perhaps spark plug or valve seal problems, should be timely checked, if necessary, replace new parts.

三、總結(jié)

Three, summary

把握常見(jiàn)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)毛病修理辦法，能夠下降行車安全隱患，同時(shí)做好定期保養(yǎng)保護(hù)，能夠使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)使用壽命更長(zhǎng)。

Grasping the common repair methods of engine faults can reduce the hidden dangers of driving safety, while doing a good job of regular maintenance and protection, can make the engine service life longer.